conventional unit root tests in modified forms can be used to construct early warning indicators for bubbles in financial markets … 1871, they are able to signal most of the consensus bubbles, defined as stock market booms for example by the IMF, and they … bubbles from the data. Finally, these early warning indicators are applied to data for several housing markets. In most of the …

occasions were the so-called 1929 and 2000 bubbles. The models showed that, at some point in time before the peak in (real …

comparison with the United States. It has been argued that lack of product market competition and poor corporate governance are … product market competition experience higher rates of productivity growth. We also find weak evidence for the notion that in …

This paper is the first that applies a new measure of competition, the Boone indicator, to the banking industry. This … approach is able to measure competition of bank market segments, such as the loan market, whereas many well-known measures of … competition can consider the entire banking market only. A caveat of the Boone-indicator may be that it assumes that banks …

, it is important to maintain competition among payment service providers but data available to gauge the degree of … competition are quite limited. We propose and implement a frontierbased method to assess relative competition in bank …