Russland treffen die Auswirkungen der internationalen Finanzkrise und fallender Energiepreise zu einem ungünstigen … Zeitpunkt: In den kommenden zwei Jahren muss Russland internationale Kredite in erheblicher Höhe bedienen. Aktuell zeigt sich …

Russia is one of the most heterogeneous countries, consisting of more than 80 regions. Among other features, its … beginning of the second decade of the century was marked by the serious breakthrough in Russia?s role in the processes of global … and regional integration. Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan arranged a functioning customs union (CU RBK), and in 2012 Russia …

We present some preliminary empirical results on impact of international certification on export behavior of Russian … use several different empirical models to examine the effect of certification on export activity and to control for … positive impact on probability of export if we control for self-selection effect for both export and ISO certification. Firms …

Gazprom, the dominant gas company in Russia, is widely believed to be the key supplier of gas to Europe in the … alter the allocation of Gazprom´s gas sales between domestic and export markets. In this paper we use both theoretical and … for Gazprom to induce monopoly power in its export markets. Our main findings suggest that both increased domestic gas …

during the last decade. Nevertheless, in June 2006, Russian Federal law legalized the de facto export monopoly of Gazprom … support Gazprom's export monopoly. The market share of independent producers in the Russian gas market would have to be … significantly increased for Russian export liberalization to be welfare enhancing. …

Gazprom, the dominant gas company in Russia, is widely believed to be the key supplier of gas to Europe in the … alter the allocation of Gazprom´s gas sales between domestic and export markets. In this paper we use both theoretical and … for Gazprom to induce monopoly power in its export markets. Our main findings suggest that both increased domestic gas …

contraction in 1992-98. Partial deliberalization and de-privatization in Russia, starting with mandated repatriation of export …The conjunction of oil and Russia's economic recovery in 1999-2004 links many themes. On September 16, 1998, the … Central Bank of Russia mandated repatriation of 50 percent of foreign exchange revenues. On December 31, 1998, it raised the …

, particularly in Russia, the largest exporter of fuel oil. The Russian government’s firmly stated commitment to the regeneration of … expands and as upgrading of refining units accelerates in Russia and elsewhere, price spreads are likely to exhibit similar …