strict liability rule for railway accidents by the Prussian Railway Law in 1838. This was a complete break with the whole … in the present-day broad diffusion of the liability rule in the German tort law. …

enforce German VAT law via a liability of platform operators (like Amazon and eBay). The consequences of this regulatory … the more strict enforcement is that platform operators want to avoid liability risks. The situation from the ecommerce …

Deutschland insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund der Verabschiedung des Umwelthaftungsgesetzes (UHG) Ende 1990 oder der Regelung der …

While various liability rules of tort law provide efficient incentives to invest, breach remedies of contract law are … claimed to be distortive. Since, at least in Germany, obligations law provides general rules for both contractual and tort …

comparative negligence rule splits liability between negligent parties according to each party’s degree of fault, it makes the …. In the extension we analyze various negligence-based liability rules, and tax rules, as instruments for mitigating the …

determinants for efficiency in credence goods markets. While theory predicts that either liability or verifiability yields … efficiency, we find that liability has a crucial, but verifiability only a minor effect. Allowing sellers to build up reputation … higher efficiency as long as liability is violated. …

We analyze the effects of accidents and liability obligations on the incentives of car manufacturers to monopolize the … external effect inasmuch as liability obligations imply that consumers of competing products have to pay the high prices as …

reinforcement of physician liability for off-label use may be the preferred instrument for achieving dynamic efficiency. The … liability threat reduces the demand for off-label use, giving manufacturers an appropriate incentive to invest in extended …