Network Marketing ist eine spezielle Form des Direktvertriebs und wird eingesetzt, um eine besonders schnell wachsende Nachfrage nach bestimmten, erklärungsbedürftigen Produkten bedienen zu können. Die vorliegende Studie gibt erste Einblicke in aktuelle Entwicklungstendenzen dieser...

We study effects of a firm's attempt to optimize an existing incentive scheme to increase sales growth for direct store delivery workers. Before optimization workers reported Ratchet Effects that lowered productivity. The altered incentive plan offered higher compensation for increased sales...

Since 1994, the German banking market is confronted with an entry wave of direct banks. This banking innovation may be explained by developments on the supply side as well as on the demand side. It is pushed by developments in telecommunication technologies during a period of rising cost...

This paper examines the importance of two resources, namely a market orientation and an entrepreneurial orientation, in new product development and satisfaction with firm performance among direct and alternative marketers. Using a partial least squares structural equation model and data from a...

In this article, we analyze the influence of sociodemographic factors and consumer attitudes toward direct marketing products and sources (outlets) on the frequency of buying food from farmers’ markets and farm shops. By conducting an intercept survey with pedestrians in 2011 and 2012, we...

Um das seit Januar 2022 geltende Verbot des Kükentötens einzuhalten, schlägt das Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft drei Alternativen vor, darunter das Ausbrüten von Zweinutzungshühnern. Neben züchterischen und wirtschaftlichen Herausforderungen, Zweinutzungstiere in der...

Die Marktpreiskrisen aus den Jahren 2009, 2012 und 2015 mit teilweise sehr niedrigen Erzeugerpreisen trafen viele Kuhmilcherzeugerbetriebe schwer und gefährdeten deren weitere Existenz. Zur Minderung solcher negativen Auswirkungen von Marktentwicklungen (Risikoabsicherung) wird die...

In most western societies, marital fertility began to decline in the nineteenth century. But in Ireland, fertility in marriage remained stubbornly high into the twentieth century. Explanations of this focus on the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in Irish society. These arguments are often...

This paper investigates whether the degree and the nature of economic and monetary policy interdependence between the United States and the euro area have changed with the advent of EMU. Using real-time data, it addresses this issue from the perspective of financial markets by analysing the...

It is widely believed that the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) has grossly fallen short of high expectations raised by the Bush administration in 2002. From the perspective of potential recipient countries, the crucial issue is whether the MCC increased the overall pool of aid resources...