The German pension system was the first formal pension system in the world, designed by Bismarck nearly 120 years ago. It has been very successful in providing high and reliable pension levels at reasonable contribution rates. While the generosity of the German pension system is considered a...

The vulnerability index presented in this paper is a tool to measure the vulnerability of different city areas related to flooding. The index is applied to the boroughs of the City of Hamburg. The city faces three different kinds of flood risks: storm surges, inland flooding and heavy rainfall....

Die Chemieindustrie ist eine wichtige Säule des Wirtschaftsstandorts Hamburg und der Region Unterelbe als Teil der Metropolregion Hamburg. Aufgrund der Verfügbarkeit von Energie und Rohstoffen, der Lage am seeschifftiefen Wasser und der guten Transportmöglichkeiten ist die Region Unterelbe...

Although the population in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC) is still younger, on average, than in Western Europe, the CEEC also have to cope with challenges caused by the demographic shift towards an ageing, shrinking population. Some countries are ageing even faster than Western...

This paper presents projections of the medium- and long-term labor force trends in Germany. Since such projections depend highly on future political decisions and corresponding behavioral changes, we apply a scenario-based approach. Our main findings are that the future size of the labor force...

The demographic transition is a phenomenon affecting many industrialized societies. These economies are experiencing a decline in mortality alongside low fertility rates - a situation that puts social security systems under severe pressure. To implement appropriate reform measures, adequate...

Anfang April 2020 steht das öffentliche Leben in Deutschland wie in vielen anderen Ländern der Erde still. Während zu Beginn des Jahres die Corona-Epidemie als chinesisches Problem wahrgenommen wurde, mit der Abriegelung ganzer Provinzen und Ausgangssperren für ganze Städte, kam es in den...