Recently, economists have argued that a bank's importance within the financial system depends not only on its … individual characteristics but also on its position within the banking network. A bank is deemed to be 'central' if, based on our …

The authors use simulations within the BoC-GEM-FIN, the Bank of Canada's version of the Global Economy Model with … changing bank regulations on the Canadian economy. Specifically, they compute short- and long-run impacts on key macroeconomic … that, while long-run effects on bank loans, lending spreads, investment, and output are modest, the short-run effects are …

Bank of Canada having to provide funds to ensure LVTS settlement is reasonably low, as is the average residual …