The EU has been one of the largest trade partners for so called Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries, namely Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. Commodity turnover of these countries with the EU vary between 30% and 50% of total, but their access to the EU market is less...

The effect of 'locking-in' economic reform and enhancing its credibility is generally regarded as one of the most important potential effects of regional integration. Based on a detailed review of the theoretical debate, this paper develops a general framework for assessment to evaluate the...

In den Assoziierungsabkommen mit der CSFR, Polen und Ungarn bietet die Europäische Gemeinschaft weit mehr Marktöffnung, technische Kooperation und ordnungspolitische Orientierungshilfe an als bisher in allen bilateralen Handels- und Kooperationsabkommen mit Drittländern. Die Abkommen können...

Albania has been partner of the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe and the EU Stabilisation and Association process for the Western Balkan from the beginning. European integration requires very fundamental and far reaching reforms. Albania has faced the challenge, but in many cases reform...

This paper analyzes why the Association Agreements between the Central and Eastern European countries, referred to as Central European Associates (CEAs), and the European Union (EU) have failed with respect to agriculture. In the first part of the paper the development and importance of...

This paper analyses the trade balance effects of Europe agreements (EA) between the EU-15 and four new EU members from Central and Eastern Europe (CEEC-4) using both static and dynamic panel data approaches. Specifically, the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM, Blundell and Bond, 1998)...