This paper takes an in-depth look at the European great powers France, Germany and Britain and their foreign policy reactions vis-à-vis the Russo-Georgian War in August 2008. It explains the different reactions from a certain interplay between present and past geopolitics that shape the foreign...

Germany should pay more attention to risks in procurement, manufacturing and sales in China. First, China's population has been shrinking since 2022 and is rapidly ageing; this will cause its economic strength as well as production and consumption opportuni-ties to decrease. Secondly, the threat...

This paper investigates the long-term trend and the underlying determinants of public sector centralization in Germany from 1871 until today. The institutional and the quantitative review of the German history provides no conclusive evidence for a continuous process of government centralization...

Chinas Außenpolitik und internationale Beziehungen haben sich seit den 1980er Jahren stark verändert. Eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Akteure nimmt inzwischen Einfluss auf die Gestaltung der chinesischen Außenbeziehungen. Außerdem ist parallel zur erfolgreichen ökonomischen Entwicklung auch...