procurement. A longitudinal comparison of four countries (Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt and Jordan) in the Middle East and North Africa … Devisenbewirtschaftung unterliegt. Ein historischer Vergleich von vier Staaten (Marokko, Tunesien, Ägypten und Jordanien) in der Region …

presents case studies from Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria. …

Using a panel vector autoregressive model this paper investigates the dynamic and endogeneous contribution of tourism … to output based on a sample of 40 African countries for the period 1990 - 2006. Results from the study confirm tourism to … main drivers. Further analysis reveals the existence of a reverse causation from national income to tourism development …

world largest tourism destination. To estimate this empirically we run an augmented gravity equation. Our results give … positive effects on the tourism flows between these countries. In particular, after controlling for a set of geographic …

This paper evaluates the strength of social and economic forces that affect the pressure to emigrate 'out of Africa …' for four distinctly different African countries (Morocco, Egypt, Senegal and Ghana). In general, great expectations about … out of Africa, especially in Ghana and Senegal. Signs of positive selection with respect to the level of education of …

in the developing world, particularly in Latin America, though the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have lagged …

This paper provides an historical overview of aid flows to North Africa. It assesses the aid allocation process and … effectiveness of aid which, with the exception of Tunisia, has not been associated with sustained economic growth. The Arab Spring … provides an opportunity to reappraise aid flows to North Africa and it is argued that future flows need to support the …