was characterized as a bank-centered economy, but the banking system did not function well in the 1990's. Responding to …

-firm lending data. We decompose loan movements in Japan for the period 1990 to 2010 into bank, firm, industry, and common shocks … developing a new methodology to separate firms' credit shocks from loan supply shocks, using a vast sample of matched bank … economy, which creates a role for granular shocks, as in Gabaix (2011). As a result, idiosyncratic bank shocks - movements in …

approach is able to measure competition of bank market segments, such as the loan market, whereas many well-known measures of … ignores differences in bank product quality and design, as well as the attractiveness of innovations. We measure competition … on the lending markets in the five major EU countries as well as, for comparison, the UK, the US and Japan. Bearing the …

Japan (a hybrid auction-method regime and a book-building regime) and find that main bank relationships give small issuers … relationships lead to increased access to public equity markets, especially for smaller, lesserknown firms. When a firm in Japan … goes public, it can engage an investment bank that is related through a common main bank, or can select an alternative …

Japan (a hybrid auction-method regime and a book-building regime) and find that main bank relationships give small issuers … relationships lead to increased access to public equity markets, especially for smaller, lesserknown firms. When a firm in Japan … goes public, it can engage an investment bank that is related through a common main bank, or can select an alternative …

policy level, arguments rage about how Japan and the Japanese economy should plan for the future. In this book, leading … economists and economic historians of Japan examine a range of key issues concerning institutional and technological change in … Japan, rigorously using discipline-based tools of analysis, and drawing important conclusions as to how the process of …

to the major zaibatsu in pre-war Japan basically outperformed other companies in terms of ROE, using panel data of 1935 …