The basic principle of patent law is that once the term of a patent has expired, the protected subject matter becomes a … former patent owner. This allows competitors to enter the market immediately after such expiry, eventually leading to lower … medicines and patent law explains the need for what has been termed as the "early working" or "Bolar exception" (hereinafter …

strengthening the use of preventive and remedial TRIPS flexibilities and removing criminal sanctions for patent infringements …. Cambodia should reject any TRIPS-plus provisions in its patent legislation and avoid membership in bilateral or plurilateral … trade agreements that include TRIPS-plus provisions as well as signing patent treaties and memorandums of understanding that …

extreme urgency" within the meaning of Article 31(b) of the TRIPS Agreement. Some legislations, such as European competition …

The major bone of contention between the developed and developing countries in the TRIPS negotiations was patents for … pharmaceuticals. The US-led developed countries bloc argued in favour of patents for pharmaceuticals amidst opposition from Brazil … TRIPS Agreement ordained patents for inventions "in all fields of technology". While the genie was out of the bottle in the …

without the patent owner's authorization by issuing a compulsory license (CL). In the pharmaceuticals space, governments have … before patent expiry, increasing the supply and reducing the price of patented pharmaceuticals domestically. This paper … evaluates the three primary barriers to employing compulsory licenses for pharmaceuticals underscored by members during TRIPS …

look at the development that has taken place in other jurisdictions and adapt the patent law to local conditions when … developing tests or guidelines in a manner that is compatible with the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Trade …-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and its biotechnology/pharmaceutical policy guidelines. This approach that is …

Like other rights, patent rights are not absolute. There are situations in which their exercise can be limited to …

Like other rights, patent rights are not absolute. There are situations in which their exercise can be limited to …