A set of U.S.-based companies is investigated regarding the effectiveness of intellectual property protection mechanisms (IPPMs) in the formation of research partnerships. Patents are the most frequently used IPPM to protect both background and foreground knowledge in partnerships. Other IPPMs...

Intellectual property rights--copyrights, trademarks, patents, trade secrets, and related rights--have become increasingly important with the advent of increased international trade, global and knowledge-based economy and fast developing technology. A strong intellectual property rights regime...

Kulturpflanzen haben unter ressourcenökonomischen Gesichtspunkten ein enormes Potential, zum einen als Rohstofflieferant, aber auch als Biofabrik der Zukunft. Die Anwendung von Biotechnologie in der Pflanzenzüchtung (Crop Science) wird bereits als dritte technologische Revolution gepriesen,...

Im Mai dieses Jahres tagt in Bonn die 9. Vertragsstaatenkonferenz zum Übereinkommen über die biologische Vielfalt, kurz CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity) genannt. Biologische Vielfalt beinhaltet nicht nur die in der Natur wild vorkommenden genetischen Ressourcen, sondern auch die...

The proponents of intellectual property (IP) have increasingly utilized injunctions with indiscriminate propensity as a strategic tool for IP enforcement, resulting in adverse socio-economic implications, including the enjoyment of human rights. This trend has eclipsed the flexibilities provided...

In the context of the WTO, intellectual property rights (IPR) are codified in the TRIPS-agreement. While covering all the different types of IPR, landmark cases of the still young history of TRIPS have dealt with commercial copyrights. This paper summarizes the basic economics of the IPR branch...

We study the effect of the intellectual property rights (IPR) regime of a host country (South) on a multinational's decision between serving a market via greenfield foreign direct investment to avoid the exposure of its technology or entering a joint venture (JV) with a local firm, which allows...

This paper analyzes welfare implications of protecting intellectual property rights (IPR) in the framework of TRIPS for developing countries (South) through its impact on innovation, market structure and technology transfer. In a North-South trade environment, the South sets its IPR policy...

This article analyzes the effects of intellectual property rights in a qualityladder model in which incumbent firms preemptively innovate in order to keep their position of leadership. Unlike in models with leapfrogging, granting nonexpiring forward protection reduces the rate of innovation and...