Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, independent entrepreneurial migrants from China have been increasingly flocking to Africa in search of greener pastures. This paper scrutinizes the empirical foundations of the increasingly hostile discourses of African traders regarding the...

In this article Chinese-Ghanaian employment relations are analyzed using the concepts of foreignness, the psychological contract, equity, and cross-cultural communication. Based on a qualitative study conducted in Accra, Ghana, we discuss the labor market in general and introduce the conditions...

This paper used a choice experiment (CE) method to investigate Chinese middle class tourist preferences for nature based destinations in southwestern China. Interview data from 616 respondents presented that in general, the respondents preferred natural based destinations in southwestern China...

Der öffentliche Wohnungsbau gilt im Hinblick auf die Integration der multi-ethnischen Bevölkerung des Stadtstaates Singapur als eine der 'Säulen der Nation'. Über ein ausgeklügeltes System der Alterssicherung macht er fast 90 Prozent der Einwohner zu Quasi-Eigentümern. Diesen Anreiz setzt...

Why do some foreign nationalities seem to have entrepreneurial initiatives and others don't? Why do certain foreign communities tend to build an ethnic economy, and others melt in the economy of the reception country? The analysis made so far of the modes of incorporation of the different...

Documentary evidence of the emergence and the eventual complete dominance of the Chinese mercantile traders (Sangleys) during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines is first presented. We identify the critical traits in the Sangley mercantile genome and the new contractual and...

Dutch Commerce and Chinese Merchants in Java describes the vanished commercial world of colonial Java. Alexander Claver shows the challenges of a demanding business environment by highlighting trade and finance mechanisms, and the relationships between the participants involved.

This paper analyzes the changing characteristics of Chinese immigrants to Canada between 1980 and 2001. It reveals that recent Chinese immigrants to Canada constitute a substantially different group from those of former years. They are no longer a homogeneous group from the rural areas of...

The Tiananmen Square protests in 1989 and ensuing government crackdown affected Chinese nationals not only at home but around the world. The U.S. government responded to the events in China by enacting multiple measures to protect Chinese nationals present in the U.S. It first suspended all...