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Was the 18th century a time period of gradual market integration? Or did the wars, famines, and criminality drive central European markets away from each other? We perform cointegration tests between four German and three Polish cities for rye markets in the 18th century, plus selected tests...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010305049
China’s oil sector has been dominated by three large state-owned oil companies in charge of developing the country …’s domestic reserves, building and operating pipelines, managing China’s increasingly sophisticated downstream, and filling its … strategic petroleum reserves (SPR). Over the years, as China’s demand has outstripped production, they have also become major …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012663548
", besonders gegenüber China. Im Wettstreit mit China greifen die USA zunehmend auf außenwirtschaftliche Zwangsinstrumente zurück …, Finanzsanktionen sowie Export- und Investitionskontrollen. Bidens Plan, die US-Wirtschaft und damit auch die nationale Sicherheit zu … soll mit maßgeschneiderten Technologiekontrollen verhindert werden, dass China an zivil und militärisch nutzbare …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014476323
sources of institutional trajectories of economic development in China, Japan, and Korea. It stylizes the Malthusian-phase of … states of Qing China, Tokugawa Japan, and Yi Korea by focusing on the way in which agricultural taxes were enforced. It also …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010397352
Piracy in international waters is on the rise again, in particular off the coast of Somalia. While the dynamic game between pirates, ship-owners, insurance firms and the military seems to have reached some kind of equilibrium, piracy risks generating significant negative externalities to third...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010291840
European monetary integration was one element in the process of financial market integration but by far not the only one. The paper traces the development of financial markets and systems in Europe from the beginnings of the euromarkets in the 1950s over early exchange rate arrangements and the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010295472
The paper presents a detailed description of IMF and World Bank conditionality and tries to explain changes in this conditionality over time as well as differences between the two institutions. Using panel data it is shown that the number of Fund conditions seem to be influenced by...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010295488
Mir geht es in dem vorliegenden Beitrag darum, den "wunderlichen" Prozess des politischen Sieges einer bestimmten Form des Wirtschaftsliberalismus in der deutschen Nachkriegszeit zu untersuchen. Diesbezüglich sind Erhards Reden zur Wirtschaftspolitik und dabei seine publizistische Aufarbeitung...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010296182
Angesichts dieser Besonderheiten in der Entwicklung der Genossenschaften im Baltikum im Allgemeinen und der Produktivgenossenschaften im Besonderen wurde der Verfasser seitens des österreichischen Genossenschaftsverbandes gebeten, die Zukunftsperspektiven von Produktivgenossenschaften in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010297061
Microfinance is not a recent development, and neither is the development of regulation and supervision of microfinance institutions (MFIs). Every now developed country has its own history of microfinance. It is important to recognize this because it presents a view different from that of many in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010297106