predecessor currencies, net of intra-euro area assets/ liabilities, before stage 3 of EMU. A number of key factors determining the … a special emphasis on the first year of the euro. A contribution is made as to how to measure these roles, both from the … measures are presented, including euro aggregates calculated up to five years back in time. The data allow for the …

-euro area assets/liabilities, before stage 3 of EMU. A number of key factors determining the currency distribution of … a special emphasis on the first year of the euro. A contribution is made as to how to measure these roles, both for … identification of changes in the role of the euro during 1999 compared to the aggregate of euro predecessor currencies, net of intra …

economies (EMEs) on configurations between the US dollar, the euro and the yen. Given the difficulty that fixed or managed US … have a statistically but also an economically significant impact on the euro, and to a lesser extent the yen against the US … the appreciation of the euro against the US dollar in recent years. Interestingly, EME policy-makers appear to have become …

Foreign exchange reserve accumulation has risen dramatically in recent years. The introduction of the euro, greater … increased the pressure on central banks to diversify away from the US dollar. A major portfolio shift would significantly affect … exchange rates and the status of the dollar as the dominant international currency. We develop a dynamic mean …

moving the US dollar, yen and euro in the intended direction at horizons of up to three months after G7 meetings, but not at …

This paper offers new evidence on the emergence of the dollar as the leading international currency, focusing on its … role as currency of denomination in global bond markets. We show that the dollar overtook sterling much earlier than … commonly supposed, as early as in 1929. Financial market development appears to have been the main factor helping the dollar to …

whether the private capital markets will be able to replace the government in providing output smoothing in the euro-area, in … countries, the EU-15 or euro-area countries, for the period 1970-1999. However, there were shown to be considerable differences … between the euro-area and the successful monetary union of the USA: the euro-area showed a much lower insurance of asymmetric …

We study the convergence of European bond markets and the anchoring of inflation expectations in euro area countries … using high-frequency bond yield data for France, Germany, Italy and Spain. We find that Economic and Monetary Union (EMU …) has led to substantial convergence in euro area sovereign bond markets in terms of interest rate levels, unconditional …

analyze the role and impact of heterogeneities in euro overnight unsecured market. The empirical assessment of the functioning … against some significant events that occurred in the euro money market, such as the reform of the Eurosystem’s operational …