This paper analyses the welfare effects of two policies directed at the security of energy supply: investments in strategic petroleum reserves and a cap on the production of gas from the largest Dutch gas field. Market failures can justify such policies, in particular failure of individual...

In 1997 many countries, including the Netherlands, signed the Kyoto treaty. According to this protocol, the emission of CO2 in the Netherlands in the years 2008-2012 should be on average 6% below the level of 1990. However, the emission still shows an increasing pattern. Part of the increase may...