The world is moving toward efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Net emission reduction efforts may involve the agricultural sector through options such as planting of trees, crop and livestock management changes, and production of biofuels. However, such options can be competitive with...

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of crude oil price on global fertilizer prices in both the mean and volatility. The endogenous structural breakpoint unit root test, ARDL model, and alternative volatility models, including GARCH, EGARCH, and GJR models, are used to...

This paper analyzes two indexes in order to capture the volatility inherent in El Niños Southern Oscillations (ENSO), develops the relationship between the strength of ENSO and greenhouse gas emissions, which increase as the economy grows, with carbon dioxide being the major greenhouse gas, and...

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of crude oil price on global fertilizer prices in both the mean and volatility. The endogenous structural breakpoint unit root test, ARDL model, and alternative volatility models, including GARCH, EGARCH, and GJR models, are used to...

Global average temperature rose 1°F in the last 100 years allegedly due to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. In reaction, global society is moving toward coordinated action to reduce manmade greenhouse gas emissions in an effect to avoid possible future adverse...

Global society is moving towards action to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. This can be expensive and socially disruptive in countries like the United States where the vast majority of emissions arise from electrical energy generation and petroleum usage. Agricultural and forest...

Leakage from forest carbon sequestrationthe amount of a program's direct carbon benefits undermined by carbon releases elsewheredepends critically on demanders' ability to substitute non-reserved timber for timber targeted by the program. Analytic, econometric, and sector-level optimization...

This paper investigates how dryland wheat farm operators adapt to climate through the use of land leasing in the U.S. Pacific Northwest region. Using a farm-level dataset from the U.S. Census of Agriculture, we build a statistical relationship between climate and leased acreage for dryland wheat...

Currently fossil-fuel-based energy accounts for 82% of global energy use and is the source of two-thirds of anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions (GHG). Such emissions are a primary climate change driver ultimately altering temperature and in turn influences energy use. This paper presents a...