incompleteness and relational nature of most employment contracts and (ii) the existence of reference-dependent fairness concerns … concerns on economic outcomes. We also review evidence from laboratory and field experiments examining the role of wages and … fairness on effort, derive predictions from our approach for entry-level wages and incumbent workers' wages, confront these …

/high-level occupations. There is no evidence that a stronger institutional dualization in terms of stronger employment protection for … permanent contracts increases the wage gap. Instead partial deregulation matters: In countries where permanent workers are … strongly protected the wage gap is larger if the use of temporary contracts is deregulated. Moreover, results suggest that the …

to tighten and reduce, if not prohibit, the use of temporary employment contracts (TECs) and job outsourcing. This paper …-called employment "contractualization", a policy proposal currently popular with voters and politicians. The idea is for the government … functioning of efficient labor markets, the experience of European countries regarding TECs, and Philippine employment data. The …

costs influence insider wages and outsiders? opportunities and how these costs affect employment and unemployment. We also … address the more complex, and open, question of how employment and unemployment move through time, in response to labor market …

labor market, looking at both wage and employment effects. Using the Regional File of the IAB Employment Subsample for the … period 1987-2001, we find that the substantial immigration of the 1990's had no adverse effects on native wages and … employment levels. It had instead adverse employment and wage effects on previous waves of immigrants. This stems from the fact …

poverty likelihood and poverty gap, an increase in the probability of employment and an increase in wages. Our results provide … the old system. We also provide evidence of higher wages for select participants. We do not find any consistent evidence …

zero to positive correlation with changes in native wages and native employment, in aggregate and by skill group. We …

We study the short-term trajectories of employment, hours worked, and real wages of immigrants in Canada and the U … growth in employment and wages in the U.S. than in Canada. We further compare longitudinal and cross-sectional trajectories …

people, particularly women, are less likely to be employed and, when employed, are likely to earn lower wages. There is some …