. In seaports a crucial distinction is often that between intraport and interport competition; in freight railways, between … competition among train operating companies over a monopoly track and competition among vertically integrated railways. In both …One important issue facing reformers considering the restructuring of the seaports and freight railways sectors of a …

consumers. The regulator designs a mechanism that guarantees financing of the essential input and adequate competition in the …

restructuring. This history is then applied to the freight railways sector, followed by a discussion of the current state of the …

Asia, using a broad approach that compares countries with respect to their business environment, competition, and …

comprehensive set of domestic trade flow data on railways and waterways, covering all parts of Germany 1885-1933. First, the …

same time, the Kingdom of Italy started a large infrastructure project to spread railways, which were largely confined in … Northern Italy, all over the country. Using tools from spatial econometrics, we find that railways played a positive effect on … productivity, but this effect was stronger in the areas in which railways were already built. Moreover, railways helped industrial …

29 European countries during the period 1961- 2011. We have included different measures of highways and railways on … the effect of highways and railways, suggest that an additional high- way ray displaced approximately 6% of the central … city population in European cities during the period 1961-2011 on average, whereas the same estimate for radial railways …

demand both during the peak and off-peak period. A detailed analysis of capacitymanagement of the Netherlands Railways …