We report an empirical analysis of the responses of the supply and demand for secondary care to waiting list size and waiting times. Whereas previous empirical analyses have used data aggregated to area level, our analysis is novel in that it focuses on the supply responses of a single hospital...

In this paper we examine the properties of a simple criterion-based, likelihood ratio type test of parameter restristions for standard GMM estimators in autoregressive panel data models. A comparison is made with recent test proposals based in the continuously-updated GMM criterion (Hansen,...

The system GMM estimator for dynamic panel data models combines moment conditions for the model in first differences with moment conditions for the model in levels. It has been shown to improve on the GMM estimator in the first differenced model in terms of bias and root mean squared error....

We consider the bias of the 2SLS estimator in the linear instrumental variables regression with one endogenous regressor only. By using asymptotic expansion techniques we approximate 2SLS coefficient estimation bias under various scenarios regarding the number and strength of instruments.

In this paper we examine the panel data estimation of dynamic models for count data that include correlated fixed effects and predetermined variables.

This paper presents a life cycle model for the demand for health, and derives empirical specifications that distinguish between permanent and transitory wage responses. Using panel data, we estimate dynamic health and health input demand equations. We find evidence of negative transitory wage...

This chapter reviews developments to improve on the poor performance of the standard GMM estimator for highly autoregressive panel series. It considers the use of the system GMM estimator that relies on relatively mild restrictions on the initial condition process. This system GMM estimator...

The system GMM estimator in dynamic panel data models combines moment conditions for hte differenced equation with moment conditions for the model in levels. An initial optimal weight matrix under homoscedasticity and non-serial correlation is not known for this estimation procedure. It is...

Monte Carlo studies have shown that estimated asymptotic standard errors of the efficient two-step generalised method of moments (GMM) estimator can be severely downward biased in small samples. The weight matrix used in the calculation of the efficient two-step GMM estimator is based on initial...

less skilled workers has deteriorated, either through their ability to secure jobs and/or their ability to earn a decent wage. Some have linked this decline to modern computing technologies. This paper surveys the evidence on the effects of technical change on skills, wages and employment by...