Steigende Kosten in den meisten Gesundheitssystemen und die damit verbundenen Finanzierungsprobleme stehen im Focus von vielen empirischen Untersuchungen. Wissenschaftler sind der Meinung, dass falsch gesetzte Anreize einer der Hauptgründe hierfür darstellen. Die vorliegende Arbeit umreißt...

Mit steigendem Wohlstand gewinnt das Gesundheitswesen an Bedeutung. Gesundheit, Schönheit und Wohlbefinden stellen in unserer Gesellschaft ein hohes Gut dar, welches von Menschen wertgeschätzt wird. Dazu zählen auch gesunde und schöne Zähne als Ausdruck individueller Attraktivität. Die...

This paper attempts to identify the climatic effect on birth outcomes in Brazil and, thus, to predict the potential impact of climate change. Panel data models indicate that excess and lack of rainfall have the most important harmful effects on newborns' health; temperature stresses and low...

Martin Stuart ("Marty") Feldstein, currently George F. Baker Professor of Economics at Harvard University and President Emeritus of the National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. (NBER), is a renowned American economist who has made important contributions to public finance, macroeconomics,...

The papers in this special issue of Mathematics and Computers in Simulation cover the following topics: improving judgmental adjustment of model-based forecasts, whether forecast updates are progressive, on a constrained mixture vector autoregressive model, whether all estimators are born equal:...

This paper assesses the effects of different health conditions on happiness. Based on a large data set for Latin America, the effects of different conditions are examined across age, gender, and income cohorts. Anxiety and pain have stronger effects than physical problems, likely because people...

Access to medicines in Brazil can be studied using different analytical approaches. One of these approaches is the household spending on medicines, whose weight over the income of the Brazilian families is widely known. The study aims to describe the spending on medicines of the Brazilian...

We show that in a large class of distributed optimal control models (DOCM), where population is described by a McKendrick type equation with an endogenous number of newborns, the reproductive value of Fisher shows up as part of the shadow price of the population. Depending on the objective...

In this paper, we apply a Voronoi diagram to map the existing design of oncological care in Poland. First, we correlate the actual organization of care with epidemiological data on cancer survival rate and morbidity. On this basis, we build a proxy for localized demand for oncological care. As a...

Individuals aged 65 years and older currently make up a larger share of the population than ever before, and this group is predicted to continue growing both in absolute terms and relative to the rest of the population. This chapter begins by introducing the facts, figures, and forecasts...