Markenfokussierte vertikale Distributionssysteme wie bei Esprit, S.Oliver oder Swarovski basieren auf einem integrierten Markenauftritt, einer vertikalen Wertschöpfungskette und multiplen Distributionsformen unterschiedlicher Vielfalt. Diese drei Kernelemente sind im Distributionssystem...

Insurance products are distributed both by independent and dependent agents, although the use of independent agents is more costly. The product quality hypothesis states that independent agents provide both insurers and customers with higher service quality and therefore, remain on the market....

Until its liberalisation in 1994 exclusive agents dominated the distribution of products in the German life insurance industry. Since then, their importance has been declining for the benefit of both distribution via direct distribution channel and independent agents. However, the market shares...

In this chapter we discuss a tactical optimisation problem that arises in a multistage distribution system where customer orders can be delivered from any stockpoint. A simple rule to allocate orders to locations is a break quantity rule, which routes large orders to higher-stage stockpoints and...

This paper presents the enhancement and impacts of the system losses, voltage profile and cost by using distributed generations (DGs) of different size in distribution network. Distributed Generation (DGs) is expected to play a key role in the residential, commercial and industrial sectors of...

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) controllers could be a suitable alternative to provide reactive power support at the load centers locally and hence keep the voltages within their safe operating limits. Due to high costs of FACTS devices, their proper location in the system must be...

This paper presents a Genetic Algorithms (GAs) for integration of various types of Distributed Generations (DGs), Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) and Plug-in-Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEVs) with different static load models (DSLMs) such as LM-1, LM-2, LM-3, LM-4 and LM-5, respectively...

In den Non-Food-Konsumgüterbranchen mit Gütern des mittel- und langfristigen Bedarfs setzen sich neue Geschäftsmodelle durch, die auf einer simultanen Neugestaltung der Markenkonzeption, der Wertschöpfungskette und der finalen Distributionsstufe beruhen. Die neuen vertikalen Markenanbieter...

Supply chain coordination is enabled by adequately designed contracts so that decision making by multiple actors avoids efficiency losses in the supply chain. From the literature it is known that in newsvendor-type settings with random demand and deterministic supply the activities in supply...

In this paper, a discount model is proposed to coordinate pricing and ordering decisions in a two-echelon supply chain (SC). Demand is stochastic and price sensitive while lead times are fixed. Decentralized decision making where downstream decides on selling price and order size is...