Using a controlled experiment, we examine the role of nurture in explaining the stylized fact that women shy away from … the average female avoids competitive behaviour more than the average male. This suggests that observed gender differences … might reflect social learning rather than inherent gender traits. …

There is ample evidence that women do not react to competition as men do and are less willing to enter a competition … than men (e.g., Gneezy et al.(2003), Niederle and Vesterlund (2007)). In this paper, we use personality variables to … understand the underlying motives of women (and men) to enter a competition or avoid it. We use the Big Five personality factors …

find that the behavior of men is predictable in the first half of a public good contribution experiment, whereas that of …

they overestimated themselves. Men, however, do not seem to be similarly shame-averse. This gender difference may be due to … downgrade their selfassessment given observability while men do not. Women avoid the shame they may have if others observe that … different societal expectations: While we find that men are expected to be overconfident, women are not. Shame-aversion may …

We ran a field experiment in a Dutch retail chain consisting of 128 stores. In a random sample of these stores, we … growth, but only in stores where the store's manager and a large fraction of the employees have the same gender. Remarkably … tournament. Lastly, despite the substantial variation in team size, we find no evidence for free-riding. …

Gender-specific patterns of self-selection into competitive and cooperative environments may have multiple reasons. One … of the most prominent explanations to this point is, that there are inherent differences between men and women when it … comes to preferences regarding competition. We take a different point of view and claim that gender-task stereotypes are …

for men and women separately. Additionally, we examine the labor supply behavior of wives whose husband migrated. We draw … wives') total work load. Men are generally less affected. Our results suggest that it is important to differentiate between …

scientists' sense of identification with these peers. A mediation analysis further indicates that gender-related differences in …

who belong to the same social group, defined by gender, age, education, and nationality. Based on an unusually informative … if caseworker and unemployed belong to the same social group. Coincidence in a single characteristic, e.g. same gender of …

there are in such positions. Men have numerous role models to follow whereas women lack this opportunity: In the executive … looking at the impact of self-reported personality traits on gender differences in career chances. We compare managers and …-Economic Panel (SOEP) in 2005 show that there are significant gender differences in personality traits, multivariate estimations …