opportunity entrepreneurs, who voluntarily pursue a business opportunity, and necessity entrepreneurs, who lack alternative … indicate that the returns to a year of education for opportunity entrepreneurs are 3.5 percentage points higher than the paid … employees' rate of 8.1%, but 6.5 percentage points lower for necessity entrepreneurs. …

opportunity entrepreneurs, who voluntarily pursue a business opportunity, and necessity entrepreneurs, who lack alternative … indicate that the returns to a year of education for opportunity entrepreneurs are 3.5 percentage points higher than the paid … employees' rate of 8.1%, but 6.5 percentage points lower for necessity entrepreneurs. …

opportunity entrepreneurs, who voluntarily pursue a business opportunity, and necessity entrepreneurs, who lack alternative … indicate that the returns to a year of education for opportunity entrepreneurs are 3.5 percentage points higher than the paid … employees' rate of 8.1%, but 6.5 percentage points lower for necessity entrepreneurs. …

the association of unincorporated and incorporated entrepreneurship with necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship … persons have a relatively high propensity to become entrepreneurs out of necessity because they do not find paid employment. I … entry strongly applies to unincorporated entrepreneurship, but only weakly to incorporated entrepreneurship. This highlights …

-cyclical pattern is examined by separating business creation into two components: “opportunity” and “necessity” entrepreneurship … operational definition of opportunity versus necessity entrepreneurship using readily available nationally representative data. We …” entrepreneurship is pro-cyclical and “necessity” entrepreneurship is counter-cyclical. We also find that “opportunity” vs. “necessity …

spells in entrepreneurship versus wage employment, thereby accounting for selectivity into entrepreneurial positions based on …