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Pakistan using co-integration and causality analysis during the period 0f 1972-2010. A large number of empirical studies on the … exchange rate and budget deficit are found elastic and significant variables to influence the real GDP in Pakistan. The pair …-wise Granger Causality results suggest that real GDP and real exchange rate are causing to each other bi-directionally. The real …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011938320
expansion of tourism. Cointegration techniques and the multivariate Granger causality test are applied. Results reveal that …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010312651
Bayraktar-Saglam and Yetkiner (2012) growth framework. We show that the intensity of defense spending in GDP has both positive …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011807212
. Saving and GDP are estimated in bivariate vector autoregressive or vector error-correction models for Sweden, UK, and USA …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010321740
The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the causal relationships between defence spending and economic growth using the Toda-Yamamoto approach to Granger causality test in the case of selected NATO countries for the period of 1949-2006. NATO countries spend biggest proportion of defence...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010500182
We analyse the Granger causal relationships between foreign direct investment (FDI) and GDP in a sample of 31 … the FDI-to-GDP ratio and the level of GDP. FDI has a lasting impact on GDP, while GDP has no longrun impact on the FDI-to-GDP … ratio. In that sense FDI causes growth. Furthermore, in a model for GDP and FDI as a fraction of gross capital formation …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010284580
consumption (such as GDP, household incomes, household saving rates, household wealth, and employment conditions) in the Group of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010332369
This paper derives forecasts for euro area real GDP growth based on a bottom up approach from the production side. That … is, GDP is forecast via the forecasts of value added across the different branches of activity, which is quite new in the … indicators are used to bridge the gap of missing GDP data. The process of selecting the best performing equations is accomplished …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011605021
concerning the existence of a long and/or short-term relationship between the nominal GDP and nominal public expenditures, which … consist of current and capital expenditures. To address this question, we employ the VAR model, the Johansen Cointegration …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012819391
This paper offers a concise survey on the literature of growth empirics applying to DCs. It is argued that there is a number of important stylised facts of economic growth relevant to DCs which are not included in the corresponding lists of Kaldor and Romer. In contrary to the usual procedure,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010306047