Fibich, Gadi; Gavious, Arieh; Sela, Aner - 2004
would bid in a first-price auction. 3) Buyers' expected utilities in an all-pay auction are lower than in a first …-price auction. 4) The seller's expected payoff in an all-pay auction may be either higher or lower than in the risk neutral case. 5 …) The seller's expected payoff in an all-pay auction may be either higher or lower than in a first-price auction. …