We review existing estimates of the size of the Spanish underground economy, apply the Ahumada et al. (2007, RIW …) correction procedure to some of them and calculate the size of the underground economy in Spain for the period 1960 through 2009 …

a view to analyze size and causes of the cash using section of the underground economy. Among other things, we address … the issue of cash hoarding. Findings include that the size of hoarded currency in Germany, about 40 to 110 billion Euro in … 2009 according to recent estimates, may have reduced the size of the cash using underground economy in Germany, ceteris …

Based on the Ahumada et al. (2007, Review of Income and Wealth) critique we revise existing estimates of the size of … tax pressure induced size of the German underground economy may be much lower than previously thought. To this extent …

support that its increase leads to a smaller shadow economy. Moreover, an increase in tax morale reduces the size of the …

Using various statistical procedures, estimates about the size of the shadow economy in 110 developing, transition and … OECD countries are presented. The average size of the shadow economy (in percent of official GDP) over 1999-2000 in … security contributions combined with rising state regulatory activities are the driving forces for the growth and size of the …

available cross-section on the size of the shadow economy and matches this dataset with numerous religious indicators. Summary …

suggests a positive linear link between the size of the shadow economy and entrepreneurial entry. However, this masks more … nonlinearity: entrepreneurial entry is least likely when the shadow economy is of medium size. We attribute the negative effects of …