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Calories out: The unintended consequences of food reformulation

Sandercock, Gavin; Scott-Bayfield, Alex; Snowdon, … - 2024

sugar, fat and calorie content. The industry has been given the target of lowering the number of calories in certain …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015334233

Reassessing effective protection rates in a trade in tasks perspective: Evolution of trade policy in factory Asia

Diakantoni, Antonia; Escaith, Hubert - 2012

With international trade moving from trade in (final) goods to trade in tasks, effective protection rates (EPRs) are back to the stage, allowing us to measure the overall protection of a product or sector by including the production structure and the origin of the inputs -domestic or imported....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010326803

The effects of sugar imports from Ukraine on markets and stakeholders in the EU: Study prepared for the InfoZentrum Zuckerverwender (IZZ)

von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan; Nivievskyi, Oleg - 2024

including sugar under the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement. In June 2022 in response to Russia's attack on Ukraine …, the EU extended these preferences to full liberalisa- tion of sugar trade under the so-called Autonomous Trade Measures … (ATMs). Prior to 2022, EU imports of sugar from Ukraine were sporadic and never amounted to more than 11% of total EU …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015166854

The evolution of bank boards of directors in New York, 1840-1950

White, Eugene N.; Bodenhorn, Howard - 2014

Contemporary bank governance is criticized for manager-dominated (insider) boards of directors, but from the beginning of the nineteenth century, bank presidents appear also to have operated as chairmen of the boards of directors. However, the managers were constrained by a variety of rules that...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011396829

EU-US trade structure and risks

Daly, Luke; Lawless, Martina - 2021

This paper maps out the trade relationship in goods between the two largest trading blocs in the global economy - the EU and US. We use detailed product category information to provide an in-depth description of current trade flows between the two markets, with a particular focus on how Irish-US...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012606242

The effect of Trump tariffs on Mexico and Canada

Flach, Lisandra; Baur, Andreas - 2025

US President Donald Trump has recently announced that tariffs on US imports from Canada and Mexico will take effect on March 4, 2025. This policy brief shows that the US tariffs would have a large impact on the North American neighbors. In the event of retaliation, all sectors of the economy...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015333663

The Impact of Market Reforms on Competition, Structure and Performance of the Philippine Economy

Aldaba, Rafaelita M. - 2005

The paper studies the impact of trade liberalization on competition and productivity. Competition is the main channel through which trade liberalization affects economic performance. Competition fosters innovation and technology adoption which leads to increases in competitiveness and growth...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011429816

Customs revenue in Ghana: Recent trends and their causes

Abrokwah, Edward; Bob-Eshun, Ebenezer; Conron, Harriet; … - 2021

The collection of tax revenue at customs has long been an important revenue source in Ghana. However, recent years have seen substantial falls in customs revenue collections, with the share of taxes collected at the country's ports falling from 42% in 2017 to 30% in 2019. With increasing tax...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013367677

Welfare versus market access: The implications of tariff structure for tariff reform

Anderson, James E.; Neary, James Peter - 2004

We show that the effects of tariff changes on welfare and import volume can be fully characterised by their effects on the generalised mean and variance of the tariff distribution. Using these tools, we derive new results for welfare- and market-access-improving tariff changes, which imply two...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010293852

Handels- und Währungskriege: Lehren aus der Geschichte

Mitchener, Kris; Wandschneider, Kirsten - 2025

zu einer fairen "Lastenteilung" zu kommen (Miran: 2025). Die Geschichte zeigt jedoch, dass diese Annahme falsch ist … Analyse, dass die USA tatsächlich erheblichen und weit verbreiteten Vergeltungsmaßnahmen von Handelspartnern als Reaktion auf … "burden sharing"(Miran: 2025). History shows that this assumption is wrong: using a detailed data set of bilateral trade flows …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015402330