by competition authorities were not sufficient to o set anti-competitive effects. …

effective competition. However, there is scope for so-called public interest considerations in several European merger control … regimes and recently a number of European politicians have called for more elbowroom for non-competition … non-market in the sense that these goals stand in conflict with competition. However, a trade-off between effective …

With the implementation of the 7th Amendment to the German Act against Restraints of Competition (GWB) in 2005, the … negative effects on competition than an irreversible merger. We conclude that from an economic point of view a replacement of …

difference in the direction of the effects of large versus small shopping centers. While competition forces are much stronger … by 4 and 3%, respectively. Moreover, we also observe that both agglomeration and competition effects attenuate sharply …

competition from hard-discounters has grown, in most European countries concentration has also increased as a consequence of … cautiously enforce competition policy in this sector with the aim of preventing the market getting worryingly concentrated. Ina …

This essay discusses two immanent challenges for competition policy in online e-commerce markets: the platform …) with a focus on how they affect and change competition and markets. Section 4 summarizes landmark antitrust cases and … economic theory and the observed patterns of behavior in the landmark cases, implications for competition policy are derived …

-price target's stores reduced the depth of their assortment when in direct competition with the acquirer's stores, the latter … offerings in order to avoid cannibalization and lessen local competition. Further, we show that other dimensions of … heterogeneity, such as market concentration, whether a divestiture was imposed by the Dutch competition authority, and the re …