During the 2000s Arab and Islamic American racial identity selection was subjected to an exogenous racializing event … affiliation and Arab ethnicity. This stigmatization created an exogenous reduction in the expected payoff to acculturation … that Arab and Islamic Americans will self-identify as white. The data are combined cross sections of the Current Population …

This article aims to establish how Muslim identities in Germany have been constructed by others and how they differ … from realities. Muslim communities have often been viewed with suspicion by majority ethnic groups in European nation … universal rights and gender equality and give political space to ethnic minorities. Mainstream portrayals of Muslim identities …

social factors underlying the individual choice of racial identity. …

broader trends in racial disparities, and the emerging literature on the construction of race and individual identity. …It is almost universally assumed that race is an exogenously given trait that is not subject to change. But as race is …

Antman and Duncan (2014, 2015) document how racial identity responds to state affirmative action policy. The main … contribution of our work was to show that racial identity responds to state affirmative action policy. A coding error was recently … identity responds to state affirmative action policy, albeit with a different conclusion for multiracial blacks, and are now …

% and as many as 33%. The Muslim population - which grew from 1% in 1981 to 4% in 2001 - will, according to our estimates …, represent 14 to 26% of the population by 2051. If current fertility trends remain constant, Islam could represent the majority …

employment-population ratios and hours worked of very young (ages 16 to 25) Muslim men fell. By 2004, most losses had begun to … dissipate. The employment-population ratios and hours worked of older Muslim men experienced little deterioration. …