Definitions of fragility are focused at the level of the state, but this should not be considered to suggest that … individuals with heterogeneous endowments experience a state of fragility in the same way. Nor does it suggest that all subregions … of a fragile country exist in this state. In turn, experience of fragility varies not just at national level but also …

the economy depends on it. How do governments make banks "play along"? This paper focuses on the state-guaranteed credit … spontaneously in the context of a global pandemic). All governments thus face the same challenge: How do they make sure that state … between state and bank actors have largely shaped the terms of the SGCPs in these two countries. …

The article proposes to consider a complex process of implementation of the state management measures of de …-shadowing of the economic system in the conditions of globalization. The stages of the state policy of de-shadowing of the economic … the economy. 7. Limiting the scale of the shadow economy. It is noted that the state policy to eliminate the shadowing of …