The paper identifies key features of International Monetary Fund (IMF)-supported programs following the 2008 global financial crisis. The statistical analysis of a large sample of countries that borrowed from the IMF during 1997-2013 indicates that, compared to the amount of financing provided...

This study describes the development of regional financial arrangements in Asia and Europe, assesses their effects on financial stability, and draws lessons for Asia from European experience. One of its main conclusions is that Asia needs to develop a more institutionalized multilateral...

This paper focuses on the critical differences, but also some commonalities, between the EU and three countries in Northeast Asia - the People's Republic of China (PRC), the Republic of Korea, and Japan - in responding to financial crises. The EU's response is naturally multilateral, but the...

This paper studies the evolution of the natural interest rate in five Southeast Asian countries and considers the effect of economic shocks on the natural interest rate in these countries. The natural interest rate is the interest rate that would prevail in an economy in equilibrium and in the...

Fragility that periodically erupts into a full-blown financial crisis appears to be an integral feature of market-based financial systems in spite of the emergence of sophisticated risk management tools and regulatory systems. If anything, the increased frequency of modern crises underscores how...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of non-performing loans in the Spanish banking system over the period 1997Q4-2015Q3. This timeframe includes not only the booming period for the Spanish economy but also an extended post-crises interval which is missing from...

The aim of this article is to describe the new stage of development of the banking system whose dynamics led to the global financial crisis of 2008. The main feature of this stage, which emerged on the threshold of the 21st century, is the inextricable interpenetration between the balance sheets...

To know and to understand the factors within a financial system that significantly influences the institutions behaviour and the market responses to the central bank actions is of great importance for the monetary authorities and for the achievement of their monetary policy objectives. In...

Regardless of the growth and rehabilitation of several financial institutions in the last decade, a large number of borrowers have not yet been served, specifically small farm and entrepreneurs. This paper describes the Philippine banking system focusing on its effect to the different...

This paper starts out by pointing out the challenges and weaknesses which the German banking systems faces according to the prevailing views among national and international observers. These challenges include a general problem of profitability and, possibly as its main reason, the strong role...