level in Spain in the period 1979-2001. We estimate a vec-tor autoregression model as proposed by Audretsch, Carree, van … distinguish between higher and lower income regions within Spain. We find empirical support for the 'entrepreneurial' effect to … income regions of Spain, even though unemployment rates are on average higher in these regions. We argue that this may be …

Using Finnish panel data, we study how entrepreneurs differ from workers in education and income dynamics. We find that … workers have higher median income in all educational groups. Without additional controls, entrepreneurs have higher average … income with all but undergraduate level of education. However, random effects and matching models suggest that entrepreneurs …

This paper studies gender discrimination against entrepreneurs by financial institutions. Based on the Business … compared with male-managed counterparts. In addition, there is some evidence that female entrepreneurs are charged higher …

earnings of Hispanic female entrepreneurs to both Latina wage/salary workers and to self-employed female non-Hispanic whites …. Latina entrepreneurs are observed to have lower mean earnings than both white female entrepreneurs and Latina employees …. However, our findings indicate that Latina entrepreneurs often do well, once differences in mean observable characteristics …

, entrepreneurship-related attitudes, and general personality traits of both business starters and non-starters. Estimating binary choice … educational attainments of potential entrepreneurs do thus not suffice to increase the number of female business starters. …

Why are female entrepreneurs so rare? Women have both to a lower entry rate into selfemployment and a higher exit rate …