. Money as a social representative of value, therefore, is introduced at the very beginning of Marx.s microeconomics. Marx ….s rejection of Ricardo.s interpretation of Say.s Law requires that money as a means of circulation and as a means of payment is … profits for the capitalist class as a whole requires money advances, which have to increase by means of rising credit in a …

In the New-Keynesian model, optimal interest rate policy under uncertainty is formulated without reference to monetary … criticized for failing to explain common trends in money growth and inflation, and that therefore money should be used as a cross … include additional robustness checks. In earlier work, we proposed an interest rate rule that is near-optimal in normal times …

In the New-Keynesian model, optimal interest rate policy under uncertainty is formulated without reference to monetary … criticized for failing to explain common trends in money growth and inflation, and that therefore money should be used as a cross … include additional robustness checks. In earlier work, we proposed an interest rate rule that is near-optimal in normal times …

Irving Fisher's encounter with the Quantity theory of Money began in the 1890s, during the debate about bimetallism …, and reached its high point in 1911 with the publication of The Purchasing Power of Money. His most important refinement of … deployment of his analysis of expected inflation on nominal interest rates, and, indirectly, in its espousal of the case for …

This paper relates Keynes's discussions of money, the state theory of money, financial markets, investors' expectations … argued that the central bank can influence the long-term interest rate on government bonds and the shape of the yield curve … mainly through the short-term interest rate. Investors' psychology, herding behavior in financial markets, and uncertainty …

The current phase of low interest rates poses major challenges for banks. A continuous decline in the interest result … for banks to generate sufficient income from the interest margin. This is partlydue to the European Central Bank … German banking market and the mostly strong focus of German banks on interest-bearing business are also increasingly becoming …