bureaucratic elite has been joining the business elite after leaving office, and this in growing numbers. This relationship has … purpose of this paper is to explain why this social behavior takes place, and why the political elite does not try to prevent … it. Moreover, this paper shows that the bureaucratic elite obtains excessive bureaucratic power, and that promiscuous …

elitism that maximizes social mobility increases, while the welfare-maximizing degree of elitism decreases. The ranking … between the welfare- and mobility-maximizing degree of elitism may even be reversed. Utilitarian welfare is always higher when …

Risk-neutral individuals take more risky decisions when they have limited liability. Risk-neutral managers may not when … actions. The resulting decisions may be less, rather than more, risky. Making a decision after acquiring information provides …

these policies commonly relies on information provided by a bureaucracy. Environmental bureaucrats often have a political … vice versa). With higher uncertainty, the bureaucrat has a stronger influence on policy. For some values of the … environmental impact, the bureau is permitted to set its own preferred policy (optimal delegation). …

a fraction of the transfer. The government faces a trade-off in its delegation decision: bureaucrats have knowledge of …-based regulation policy requires the government to make use of a bureaucracy; this has a bureaucratic cost, as the bureaucracy diverts … incentives to delegate. Furthermore, we discuss how partial delegation, i.e., delegation followed by laws and regulations that …

these policies commonly relies on information provided by a bureaucracy. Environmental bureaucrats often have a political … vice versa). With higher uncertainty, the bureaucrat has a stronger influence on policy. For some values of the … environmental impact, the bureau is permitted to set its own preferred policy (optimal delegation). …

a fraction of the transfer. The government faces a trade-off in its delegation decision: bureaucrats have knowledge of …-based regulation policy requires the government to make use of a bureaucracy; this has a bureaucratic cost, as the bureaucracy diverts … incentives to delegate. Furthermore, we discuss how partial delegation, i.e., delegation followed by laws and regulations that …

model in which the bureaucrat sets the tax price while voters choose the quantity of public services. In this model, grants …

explanation is based on the theory of bureaucracy and the imbalances emerging in the process of development. If Africa is ready …

Senior officials in the ministerial bureaucracy are responsible for the coordination of public service activity and …