Shariah principles used as the primary basis for bank operations emphasize information disclosure as manager accountability to stakeholders. This form of accountability can be presented by presenting broader information disclosure, i.e., the disclosure of information on social, finance, and...

Islamic banks should care about social and environmental issues. However, the economic consequence of social and environmental concerns is still being debated. This study aims to prove the role of economic consequences of social and environmental concerns and market competition on financial...

This study examines the effect of the pay gap on banks and compares the effectiveness of the tournament theory in Islamic banks (IB) and conventional banks (CB). This study expands the pay gap indicators used in previous studies by using three indicators: board of directors' pay gap,...

Previous studies use mainly insolvency, credit, liquidity, market, and operational risk to measure risk-taking in Islamic banks. We are expanding the risk indicators: credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, legal risk, reputation risk, strategic risk, shariah compliance risk,...