This paper estimates a stochastic production frontier, to investigate whether municipalities covered by oil royalties … in the last decade have reduced their tax effort in Brazil. The issue is relevant to the prospect of a substantial … purpose of overcoming the endogeneity problems due to reverse causality of output on inputs, we used the lagged independent …

Distribution of tax revenue among municipalities - which are constitutionally official federal entities in Brazil - is … municipalities harbor low-income workers who have to commute back to employment opportunities. As a result, urban landscape in Brazil … information for 5,212 municipalities out of 5,565 ones in Brazil. Thus, this study describes and characterizes neighboring …

, these resources began to be distributed between all municipalities and departments through various funds and according to …-national governments. For municipalities, these funds are twice the amount collected by two of the most important municipal taxes, property …,025 municipalities. Unlike conventional impact evaluations comparing treatment and control groups, the dose-response analysis compares …

municipalities. …