structural change impacts on inequality for a sample of advanced, emerging, and transition economies. Trade liberalization … found that the process of structural change increases income inequality, while trade liberalization and FDI inflows help to …

existence of numerous mutual trade barriers, but, more generally, it reflects the slow progress achieved by both countries in …'s institutional relations with Russia and Ukraine have not progressed much, and even a free-trade area will most probably not be … Ukraine, which will find itself on the border of the enlarged EU, will most probably benefit. In purely economic (trade) terms …

) is to be covered largely by privatization receipts. Foreign trade developments during the past one and a half decades … have been generally characterized by a re-orientation of trade flows away from Russia and the CIS. However, Ukraine's trade … the formation of a free trade area with the EU only after the Ukraine has joined the WTO; the latter seems now likely to …

We hypothesize that North-South trade is associated with knowledge spillovers that create labor productivity gains … the South-North gap in labor intensities within a couple of decades if it were solely achieved through the trade channel. …

import-driven convergence and no robust difference between imports of intermediate and investment goods. Accordingly, trade … helps emerging economies follow a 'green growth' path, and trade-related policies can enhance this path. However, the … effects are economically small and require a long time horizon to become effective. Trade-related policies can become much …

In this study, we analyze the spatial effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on poverty reduction in Vietnam. This … empirically the impact of FDI on poverty reduction in Vietnam. The study finds that FDI has contributed to poverty reduction not … trade. In addition, empirical results from the spatial econometric model show that FDI tends to decrease poverty in …