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How to determine whether regional markets are integrated?: theory and evidence from European electricity markets

Gebhardt, Georg; Höffler, Felix - 2007

Prices may differ between regional markets if transport capacities are limited. We develop a new approach to determine to which extent such differences stem from limited participation in cross-border trader, i.e. lack of integration, rather than from bottlenecks. This approach considers both...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010264823

Linking natural gas markets: is LNG doing its job?

Neumann, Anne - 2008

America, Europe, and Asia. This paper provides evidence on the integration of the transatlantic natural gas market. We test … of daily spot prices for natural gas in North America and Europe we investigate price dynamics covering the period from …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010265030

SME taxation in Europe: An empirical study of applied corporate income taxation for SMEs compared to large enterprises. CIP Programme 186/PP/ENT/CIP/12/F/S01C24

Spengel, Christoph; Hausemer, Pierre; Bergner, Sören; … - 2015

This report analyses tax incentives for SMEs in 20 EU countries and five non-EU countries between 2009-2013. Its findings and recommendations are based on a review of tax codes, modelling of tax burdens using two different models, a descriptive analysis of company financial ratios, and the...