, there is little reliable evidence on how the inclusion of such non-cash income actually affects poverty and inequality … and poverty rates by almost one-third. However, adjusting for differences in needs for public services across population … subgroups offsets about half the inequality reduction and some of the poverty decrease. …

, there is little reliable evidence on how the inclusion of such non-cash income actually affects poverty and inequality … and poverty rates by almost one-third. However, adjusting for differences in needs for public services across population … subgroups offsets about half the inequality reduction and some of the poverty decrease. …

and childcare on estimates of income inequality and financial poverty in 23 European countries. The valuation of public … scale). Even though the ranking of countries by estimates of overall inequality and poverty proves to be only slightly … affected by the choice between the conventional EU scale and the NA scale, poverty estimates by household types are shown to be …

, education and childcare expenditure on estimates of income inequality and poverty for 24 European countries. The empirical … results show significant effects of public in-kind transfers on the level of income inequality and poverty for all countries …. Over the period 2006-2018, inequality and poverty estimates display rather different trends across European countries. …

People in the Nordic countries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Sweden work more than the countries’ high tax rates …

elderly. Overall, poverty among the elderly in Sweden remains low in an international perspective and our analysis leads us to …This study analyses the development of the economic well-being of the elderly in Sweden since 1990 - a period … Survey. The elderly were not isolated as pensions were cut, full indexation abandoned and taxes increased during Sweden …

This paper investigates the development of poverty in Sweden using micro data derived from tax files for the city of … Göteborg for the years 1925, 1936, 1947, 1958 as well as more recent (1983, 1994 and 2003) information. We define poverty as … living in a household with a disposable income lower than a poverty line that represents a constant purchasing power all …

Immigrant and native child poverty in Denmark, Norway and Sweden 1993 to 2001 is investigated using large sets of panel … Norway have an immigrant origin, and that corresponding proportion is as high as about a half in Denmark as well as in Sweden … data. While native children face yearly poverty risks of less than 10 percent in all three countries and for all years …

between the United States, on one hand, and the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) on the other. Our base …