several developing countries. Third, we use a Nash criterion for evaluating whether a country's costs are too high to sustain …

understood. This study aims at addressing this gap by scrutinizing four questions: (1) What costs need to be considered in … innovation? (2) Under which innovation process model are the costs considered? (3) What benefits are available? and (4) What … successful innovation process. To achieve this, the paper proposes a framework to integratively map innovation stages, costs …

infrastructure and new projects to optimize logistics costs. In 2017, there was a low influence of Panama Canal on the soybean …

We analyze mortality and follow-up costs of heart attack patients using administrative data from Austria from 2002 … in relative terms for patients below the age of 65. We do not find significant effects on longterm inpatient costs and … find only marginal increases in outpatient costs. …

innovation project. These specifically concern the choices of the methods of attribution of indirect costs in innovation projects … of a matrix of correspondence for a set of costs by the stages of an innovation project (event-based matrix accounting …

Purpose: to reduce operating costs when performing agricultural mechanized work. Design/methodology/approach: The …

in U.S. refugee admissions starting in 2017 costs the overall U.S. economy today over $9.1 billion per year ($30,962 per … missing refugee per year, on average) and costs public coffers at all levels of government over $2.0 billion per year ($6 … during the same period likewise carry ongoing costs in the billions of dollars per year. These estimates imply that barriers …

How have changes in the costs of enrolling full-time at public two- and four-year colleges affected student decisions … public four-year colleges we study the impact of public higher education costs on the post-secondary enrollment decisions of … college, a public four-year university in their state of residence, other colleges, or no college at all, as relative costs …