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coronavirus epidemic. With a shutdown duration of two months, the costs reach between EUR 255 billion and EUR 495 billion … urgent to develop strategies to make the resumption of economic activity compatible with containing the coronavirus epidemic. …
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This paper presents scenarios of the shutdown costs in terms of lost value added for Austria, France, Italy, Germany …
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We explore the welfare costs of inflation originating from lack of liquidity satiation for Weimar Republic's hyperinflation and three high-inflation countries. Towards the peak of Weimar's hyperinflation the costs are estimated to have been equal to nearly 20 per cent of income. For Israel,...
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document three patterns. First, stay-at-home orders caused people to stay at home: county-level measures of mobility declined … reductions in spending in sectors associated with mobility: restaurants and retail stores. However, food delivery sharply …
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The deductibility of commuting costs in Germany is discussed permanently. The paper ad-dresses the question, whether … the taxpayers do react to the commuting allowances (Entfer-nungspauschale). It is shown that individual mobility depends …
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