Until now there have been no national estimates of the extent of poverty in Britain at the turn of the 20th century … deficiencies. We use these data to estimate urban poverty in the British Isles in 1904. Applying Bowley's poverty line we find that … close to Rowntree's estimate of primary poverty for York 1899 and in the range that Bowley found in Northern towns in 1912 …

quality (in the form of health outcomes) and the number of children in the family at a time when genuine poverty still existed … positively influences the heights of children but, even after accounting for this, the number of children in the family still has …

that absolute poverty declined dramatically in York between 1899 and 1936. We use poverty lines devised by contemporary … poverty among working households for the whole of the Britain between 1904 and 1937. We offer a number of pieces of … corroborative evidence that give support to our findings. We decompose the poverty reduction into the effects of two proximate …

Using counterfactual microsimulations, Shapley decompositions of time change in inequality and poverty indices make it … depth of poverty would have increased under the first New Labour government, had important reforms like the extensions of … income support and tax credits not been implemented. These reforms have also contributed to substantially reduce poverty …

Using counterfactual microsimulations, Shapley decompositions of time change in inequality and poverty indices make it … depth of poverty would have increased under the first New Labour government, had important reforms like the extensions of … income support and tax credits not been implemented. These reforms have also contributed to substantially reduce poverty …

We propose a framework for comparing the relationship between poverty and personal characteristics across countries (or … across years), and use it to compare levels and patterns of relative poverty in the USA, Great Britain and Germany during the … 1990s. The higher aggregate poverty rates in the USA and in Britain relative to Germany were mostly accounted for by higher …

The article introduces the theoretical foundations of the author's original concept of accounting engineering. We … assume a theoretical premise whereby accounting engineering is understood as a system of accounting practice utilising … differences in economic events resultant from the use of divergent accounting methods. Unlike, for instance, creative or …

This essay provides a survey of the evolution and the developments of bookkeeping, internal cost accounting and … present times. It is shown that the developments in bookkeeping and cost accounting have regularly been a reaction to … accounting, which chronologically enumerate different techniques and practices, this text additionally delivers an outline of …

better average living standards than otherwise similar districts: larger household consumption, lower poverty rate, and …