The Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW) has been calculated in various ways for various countries and for various time spans. Based on the degree of objectivity, the Basic, Solid, and Site-specific ISEW are separated, whose sum constitutes the Total or Full ISEW. The paper proposes some...

This study utilizes a time-varying parameter Bayesian vector autoregressive model to investigate the dynamic interactions between geopolitical risk (GPR) and renewable energy consumption growth (RECG). The identification strategy is flexible to accommodate cases both with and without sign...

This paper aims to understand the gas-pricing mechanism in the major markets and hence draw implications for gas-pricing reform in Asia. It adopts the bootstrap sub-sample rolling-window Granger test to investigate the causality between crude oil and natural gas prices. Unlike the estimations...