sugar trade, competition in the rice trade, the Japanese cotton textile trade to Africa, multilateral settlements in Asia … century, intra-Asian trade flows linked Asia into an integrated economic system, with reciprocal benefits for all participants … Asia, especially in Japan and China, liberated the creative forces of the market within the new intra-Asian economy …

that the within-country relationship of women's employment and income is, on average, negative in Asia and Latin America … but positive in Africa. We suggest that amongst reasons why African women behave differently are that the conventional … and potentially correlated shocks. In Asia and Latin America, characteristics that strengthen counter-cyclical responses …