employees. In the case of Ukraine, we find that public sector employees receive 24-32% less wages than their private sector … find that the lower bound estimate of the extent of bribery in Ukraine is between 460 mln and 580 mln U.S. dollars (0 ….9-1.2% of Ukraine's GDP in 2003). …

Under communism, workers had their wages set according to a centrally-determined wage grid. In this paper we use new …

separate effects of occupational segmentation and discrimination in the allocation of occupations and wages we conceptualize …

wages. Often, the effect is predicted to be negative. Despite the popularity of these theories, this has never been tested …. We perform tests with matched worker-firm data. The worker data are informative on individual wages and labor market … difference between labor productivity and wages in a market depends on the degree of frictions and other determinants. We correct …

to employment, wages, prices and household well-being. The meta-analysis finds that most results on employment and wages … are non-significant. When significant, decreases in employment and wages are more likely to occur than increases with …