Tokyo and Seoul, the two leading East Asian global cities, operate under "developmental states." They often struggle for control over major urban initiatives against their strong state government agencies as they seek prominence in the global city hierarchy. Through comparative review of...

We test whether rural versus urban location, and the amount of social capital present in those locations, influence the performance of Small Business Administration (SBA) 7(a) loans originated between 1984 and 2012. On average, we find that rural loans are about 11% less likely to default than...

The Recruitment grant was a student aid policy that replaced the loans in the student aid system with grants for unemployed adults with low education. In this paper, I estimate the causal effects of repealing this policy on the educational attainment and subsequent labor market outcomes for the...

Im ersten Halbjahr 2021 hat das Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL) bei der INFO GmbH Markt- und Meinungsforschung eine repräsentative Bevölkerungsumfrage in Deutschland in Auftrag gegeben, um Analysen subjektiver Einschätzungen und Erfahrungen der Bevölkerung in...

This paper analyzes the effects of time-varying fiscal policy behavior on output and consumption multipliers within a monetary union. The framework is that of a standard New Keynesian twocountry model with distortionary taxes and Calvo price rigidities. I first show that multipliers differ...

In recent years, interest in tourism has spread rapidly throughout many small and medium European cities, which previously have not necessarily considered themselves as tourist destinations. Tourism is increasingly seen as a potential lever towards high economic growth, measured both in terms of...

Ein Transfer der Globalstrategien und Resolutionen der Vereinten Nationen auf die Ebene der Finanzdienstleistungen – Dem Wohnungssektor kommt aus Sicht der Vereinten Nationen und der Weltbank eine Schlüsselstellung für Wachstum und Entwicklung einer Volkswirtschaft zu. Zur Realisierung...

This paper introduces designs, technologies, and best practices aimed at reducing the cooling energy demand in buildings. It covers the basic principles of why occupants need cooling to meet thermal comfort requirements and how heat is transferred into buildings from the outdoor environment....