The Brussels Effect, once emblematic of the EU's alleged influence in shaping global regulations, has now become a factor contributing to global regulatory fragmentation. The EU must recalibrate its trajectory towards a liberal and rules-based trading order, prioritizing widespread regulatory...

Europe is in the throes of budgetary consolidation, tightening its fiscal rules. It could not prevent the recession of 2012 and the inexorable growth of debt, especially in Southern Europe, while unemployment spreads and the social gap widens. Social policy is mostly a national matter, but is...

Having had little time to absorb the economic and social shock of the COVID-19 pandemic, the European Union is confronted with staggering increases in the cost of living. While household burdens vary significantly across and within countries, most European countries are struggling to cushion the...

Soziale Sicherung gehört in der Europäischen Union zwar zu den primär nationalstaatlichen Aufgaben, doch gehen von der europäischen Ebene vielfältige Einflüsse aus, von Entscheidungen der Kommission, im Ministerrat oder durch den Europäischen Gerichtshof wie auch allgemein durch direkt...