appear to have been insignificant. At the same time the change in tariffs appears to have created some trade diversion, with … a significantly negative impact on imports from China in particular and a significantly positive impact on imports from …

) member states. The president of the US has proposed tariff increases, particularly on imports from Mexico and China to the US …, while the threat of protectionism also involves more direct tariffs against EU exports to the US. We apply a measurement … generated by Finland and other EU countries through Mexico and China to the US would decline drastically if the US launched …

time to take stock of the outcomes for the U. S. economy. The result is nearly unequivocally negative, in particular, China …'s failure to fulfill its promises to dramatically increase U. S. imports. By the end of 2021, China had barely reached 40 % of … American importers have borne the brunt of the tariffs' costs. In the short run, apparently American importers had little …

Solution (WITS), and selection bias from dropping tariffs when no trade is recorded. I develop a novel interpolation algorithm …

developing and emerging countries over several years, merged with destination-product specific information on tariffs and non …-tariff measures is not isomorphic to that of tariffs: the pricing-to-market behavior we observe suggests that, while tariffs reduce …, tariffs, exchange rate, price discrimination …

Many studies use tariffs to measure changes in trade policy. This paper shows that standard sources for tariffs suffer … from substantial measurement error due to misreporting and the resulting false imputation: Countries fail to report tariffs … every year and missing data are more prevalent for preferential than for most favored nation (MFN) tariffs. WITS, the main …