conduct simulations and find that the estimation error of the present bias parameter is so large that its effect is difficult …

(the favorite-longshot bias). I build a game theoretical model and show that the favorite-longshot bias is the equilibrium … play of the players with loss aversion, and that the degree of the favorite-longshot bias depends on the mental accounting …

estimator is biased in the context of dynamic estimation. The estimators taking into account the resulting bias can be grouped … broadly into the class of instrumental estimators and the class of direct bias corrected estimators. The simulation results … clearly favour the direct bias corrected estimators, especially the estimator proposed by Hansen (2001). The superiority of …

grouped instead of individual Decision Making Units (DMU). The bias results due to the differences of the grouped DMUs … German farms. The bias in ranking is found to be substantial. Finally, a correction procedure is developed to improve the …

largely free of bias arising from an association between treatment status and observable variables. However, matching methods … are not robust against 'hidden bias' arising from unobserved variables that simultaneously affect assignment to treatment … resultieren. Matchingverfahren sind allerdings anfällig für Schätzverzerrungen aufgrund von 'hidden bias' durch unbeobachtete …